School tuck shops in South Africa—an ethical appraisal

  • Nico Nortje University of the Free State
  • Mieke Faber University of the Western Cape
  • Anniza de Villiers South African Medical Research Council
Keywords: ethics, ethics of responsibility, school health policy, South African school children, unhealthy food environment

Abstract

It can be postulated that schools have an ethical responsibility to protect children from an unhealthy food environment. Against the backdrop of stunting, overweight and micronutrient deficiencies prevalent in South African children, the aim of this scoping study is to review information available on foods sold to school children within an ethical framework. While some schools have a formal tuck shop, at other schools, food vendors sell food either on or outside the school premises. Ten studies, of which two were national, fit the selection criteria for this study. Available data show that mostly unhealthy food options are sold to South African school children; with low-nutrient energy-dense foods (e.g. chips, sweets) and sugar sweetened beverages being the most popular. The Integrated School Health Policy provide a policy framework for achieving healthy school food environments in South Africa, and several guidelines are available in South African to assist school tuck shops to sell healthier options. Children’s preference for unhealthy foods, the cost of healthier food options and a lack of proper facilities may however be barriers for implementing healthy tuck shops. An action stronger than merely providing guidelines may therefore be needed. Cognisance needs to be taken of conflicting value based arguments within ethical perspectives. Given these conflicts, the authors argue that an Ethics of Responsibility contributes to the debate of the best and supports the notion that society at large has a responsibility to protect vulnerable communities of which school children are part. Presently an ethical vacuum exists in terms of rights and responsibilities which this study hopes to address. (Full text available online at www.medpharm.tandfonline.com/ojcn) South Afr J Clin Nutr 2017; DOI: 10.1080/16070658.2017.1267401

Author Biographies

Nico Nortje, University of the Free State
Department of Psychology University of the Free State
Mieke Faber, University of the Western Cape
Department of Dietetics University of the Western Cape; and Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit South African Medical Research Council
Anniza de Villiers, South African Medical Research Council
Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit South African Medical Research Council
Published
2017-10-19
How to Cite
Nortje, N., Faber, M., & de Villiers, A. (2017). School tuck shops in South Africa—an ethical appraisal. South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 30(3), 30-35. Retrieved from http://sajcn.co.za/index.php/SAJCN/article/view/1180
Section
Original Research