Screening for overweight using mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) among children younger than two years in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

  • Shawn McLaren
  • Liana Steenkamp
  • H David McCarthy
  • Alexandra Rutishauser-Perera

Abstract

Background: The relationship between overweight and under-nutrition, particularly in resource-poor settings, poses practical challenges for targeting nutrition interventions. Current anthropometric indicators including weight for length (WLZ) recommended by the WHO may be challenging in community settings.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess whether MUAC can accurately identify children aged younger than two years with overweight and obesity.
Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was used to collect data from a non-probability sample of 397 young South African children from October 2015 to February 2016. MUAC cut-off values were tested using a receiver operating characteristic and area under the curve (AUC).
Results: The prevalence of overweight (WLZ > +2) and obesity (WLZ > +3) was 11% (n = 44) and 5% (21) respectively. A MUAC cut-off value for identifying male children 6 to 24 months old with overweight was determined at 16.5 cm (85% sensitivity, 71.4% specificity, AUC = 0.821) and female children at 16.5 cm (100% sensitivity, 76.6% specificity, AUC = 0.938).
Conclusions: MUAC may be an appropriate tool for identifying children younger than two years old with overweight and obesity. The predicted MUAC cut-off values were able to identify infants and young children with overweight accurately.


Keywords: double burden of disease, first 1000 days, MUAC, obesity

Published
2022-03-15
How to Cite
McLaren, S., Steenkamp, L., McCarthy, H. D., & Rutishauser-Perera, A. (2022). Screening for overweight using mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) among children younger than two years in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 35(1), 13-16. Retrieved from http://sajcn.co.za/index.php/SAJCN/article/view/1589
Section
Original Research